Xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen metabolites contribute to liver necrosis: protection by 4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine

Endothelial cell xanthine oxidase-derived toxic oxygen metabolites contribute to acute lung injury from neutrophil elastase.

146$ 30th Aspen Lung Conference 28 Dawson CA. Role of pulmonary vasomotion in physiology of the lung. Physiol Rev 1984; 64:544-616 29 Ogletree ML. Overview of physiological and pathophysiological effects of thromboxane A2. Fed Proc 1987; 46:133-38 30 Perkowski SZ, Havill AM, Flynn J1 Gee MH. Role of intrapulmonary release of eicosanoids and superoxide anion as mediators of pulmonary dysfunction...

NADPH Oxidase-Derived Reactive Oxygen

NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species contribute to impaired cutaneous microvascular function in chronic kidney disease.

Oxidative stress promotes vascular dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We utilized the cutaneous circulation to test the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase impair nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cutaneous vasodilation in CKD. Twenty subjects, 10 stage 3 and 4 patients with CKD (61 ± 4 yr; 5 men/5 women; eGFR: 39 ± 4 ml·min(-1)·1.73 m(-2)...

Dietary factors related to liver xanthine oxidase.

In a previous study (1) it was shown that dogs maintained on a purified diet developed a defect in acetaldehyde metabolism. Of the five known enzyme systems that could theoretically be involved in acetaldehyde metabolism in viva (aldolase, mutase, carboxylase, aldehyde ox&se, and xanthine oxidase), the xanthine and aldehyde oxidases seemed most likely to be dependent upon a dietary factor not a...

Xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species convert flow-induced arteriolar dilation to constriction in hyperhomocysteinemia: possible role of peroxynitrite.

We hypothesized that in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), flow-induced arteriolar constriction is due to an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species, causing an impairment of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin mediation of the response. Changes in diameter of isolated, pressurized (at 80 mm Hg) gracilis muscle arterioles (diameter approximately 170 microm) from control and met...